鴉科

鴉科清單

Formosan blue magpie -- Urocissa caerulea 台灣藍鵲

台灣藍鵲（長尾山娘、山娘）
Formosan blue magpie Urocissa caerulea 特有種Endemic IUCN:LC
特徵：64~69 cm 翼長18至21公分,雌雄鳥外型相似，頭部至胸部為黑色，其他部位大致為藍色，眼睛虹膜黃色，嘴喙及腳為紅色；尾羽很長約40公分，中段黑色而末端為白色。

台灣藍鵲是雜食性的，如蜥蜴、蛇、青蛙、昆蟲或是水果。棲息在低至中海拔約100至1200公尺的闊葉或次生林，通常成小群一起出現，並伴隨著吵雜的「嘎、嘎、嘎」

台 灣藍鵲家族成員通常有5個以上，包括一對一夫一妻制的親鳥加上子代或近親及少數由別的家族來的個體構成，長年使用一個特定領域。大部份的家族繁殖時都有家 族的幫手共同育雛 (共同生殖的巢邊幫手制)，幫手大多為雄子代，雌性子代大多在第二年繁殖季前就擴散，部分親鳥會在約20天後繁殖第二巢，幫手會照顧第一巢，繁殖時領域性 很高，有強烈的攻擊入侵者的護巢行為。
繁殖年齡, 公鳥約為3 - 5歲，雌鳥為1歲。



Features: 64 ~ 69 cm, wing length 20 cm, Male and female birds are similar appearance. The head to the chest is black and others are blue, They have yellow iris ,red beak and red feet. The tail is about 40 cm in length and its end is white and the middle is black. Taiwan blue magpie is omnivorous, such as lizards, snakes, frogs, insects or fruit. Habitat is in the broad-leaved or secondary forest the from low to medium elevation (1200 m above sea level) .They often appear together in small groups and accompanied by a noisy "Quack, quack, quack". Taiwan blue magpie family usually have 5 or more members, including parents (monogamous), offspring, close relatives and a few individuals from the other families, The family occupy a specific area for many years. Most of the family have family helpers to breed the brood (Cooperative breeding, helpers at the nest). Helpers are mostly male
offspring. Most of the female offspring leave the family before the breeding season in the second year. Some of the birds breed the second nest after 20 days and helpers will take care of the first nest. They perform a strong nest protection behavior against invaders during the reproduction period. Reproductive age, the male bird is about 3 - 5 years old, female is 1 year old.

Pitta nympha -- Fairy pitta

Pitta nympha -- Fairy pitta 八色鳥


1.四月底、五月初來台，，約九、十月離開。
It coming near the end of April or beinning of May and leave for south Asia from
Septpember or Octor ber
2.在接近溪流,水庫的地方都有繁殖記錄,求偶期中可用它為了佔據領域的叫聲來確定牠們的位
置, 育雛期時有較固定的出没地點。
The reproduction record near the river or Dam. We can apply their call to adress
the location during the priod . We can find it naer some more certain area during
the breading period.
3.在台灣，07/14/1987 ,首度發其巢且發表於(Severinghaus et al. 1991）。
4. Robert Swimhoe首先於1864年記載八色鳥並以視為新種，後被併入Pitta oreas （Swimhoe 1864年命名）或Pitta brachyura （1951），
現根據Sibley和Monroe的分類系統，重新分類為 Pitta nympha。










This bird induce a lot of concern from some people who do not agree the further development near this bird's breeding area in Taiwan. 072306

Pitta 八色鳥

Pitta anerythra -- Black-faced pitta
Pitta angolensis -- African pitta
Pitta arcuata -- Blue-banded pitta
Pitta baudii -- Blue-headed pitta
Pitta brachyura -- Indian pitta
Pitta caerulea -- Giant pitta
Pitta cyanea -- Blue pitta
Pitta dohertyi -- Sula pitta
Pitta elegans -- Elegant pitta
Pitta elliotii -- Bar-bellied pitta
Pitta erythrogaster -- Red-bellied pitta
Pitta granatina -- Garnet pitta
Pitta guajana -- Banded pitta
Pitta gurneyi -- Gurneys pitta
Pitta iris -- Rainbow pitta
Pitta kochi -- Whiskered pitta
Pitta maxima -- Ivory-breasted pitta
Pitta megarhyncha -- Mangrove pitta
Pitta moluccensis -- Blue-winged pitta
Pitta nipalensis -- Blue-naped pitta
Pitta nympha -- Fairy pitta
Pitta nympha
Pitta oatesi -- Rusty-naped pitta
Pitta phayrei -- Eared pitta
Pitta reichenowi -- Green-breasted pitta
Pitta schneideri -- Schneiders pitta
Pitta sordida -- Hooded pitta
Pitta soror -- Blue-rumped pitta
Pitta steerii -- Azure-breasted pitta
Pitta superba -- Superb pitta
Pitta venusta -- Black-crowned pitta
Pitta versicolor -- Noisy pitta